Differentiation of the Functional Systems of Speech and Language and the Study of the Differences of the Neural Networks That Support Them

Abstract

The paper deals with the problem of differentiation of human speech and language systems. Based on the modern ideas in the field of speech psychology, speech study, intonology, the concept of units (forms) of speech as non-linguistic phenomena is formed. These phenomena function as translators of illocutionary meanings in human communication, which mostly are communicative and social goals, as well as the quality of social relations. To support the concept of “Speech vs. Language”, the results of an fMRI study conducted on a sample collection of adults are presented. The differences between the neural networks of the human brain that provide the perception of natural forms of oral speech having the same pragmasemantic content – the actual speech and the minimal structure of speech-language signals are established. Due to the data obtained, the prospects of research related to the analysis of functional connectivity in the structures of two types of networks, as well as with the sequential complication of the speech and language components of the statement and the presentation of multimodal multilevel natural speech-communicative stimuli are discussed. The analysis of the differences between the processes and neural networks of speech and language is important for the development of speech synthesis technologies, diagnostic and communicative artificial intelligence.