Abstract
Objective To determine if osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (EWS) of the pelvis based on MRI can be differentiated using radiomic analysis. Materials and Methods In this study, 3.0 T magnetic resonance (MR) data of 66 patients (40 males and 26 females, mean age 27.6 ± 13.9 years) with pathologically confirmed OS or EWS of the pelvis (35 with OS and 31 with EWS) taken from April 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. T2-weighted fat-saturated (T2-FS) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (CET1) images were manually segmented, and imaging features were extracted. Independent-sample t-test, Spearman's test, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method were used to select the most useful features from the original data set. The performance of radiomic analysis was investigated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) analysis. Results 385 initial features were extracted from T2-FS and CET1 MR data. Nine features from T2-FS and 7 features from CET1 were selected by using the LASSO method. The radiomic analysis to differentiate OS and EWS of the pelvis based on T2-FS and CET1 images using the aforementioned selected features achieved AUC values of 0.881 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.799–0.963) and 0.765 (95% CI: 0.652–0.878), respectively. Conclusion Radiomic analysis showed potential in differentiating OS from EWS of the pelvis, in which T2-FS demonstrated better diagnostic value. To differentiate OS from EWS of the pelvis using our multiparametric MRI-based radiomic analysis could preoperatively improve diagnostic accuracy and greatly contribute to therapy planning.
Highlights
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and young adults, it has a special bimodal age distribution in the second decade of life and late adulthood [1]
The clinical and pathology database was reviewed to identify patients, and the inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) patients who underwent histological biopsy or tumor resection with tumor tissues from the pelvis that were pathologically confirmed as OS or Ewing sarcoma (EWS), (b) patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at our institute, and (c) magnetic resonance (MR) data acquired using the same system from the same vendor
A total of 385 initial features in total were extracted from original MR data
Summary
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and young adults, it has a special bimodal age distribution in the second decade of life and late adulthood [1]. Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a high-grade sarcoma arising both in skeletal and extraskeletal locations; it is the third most common primary bone sarcoma, following OS and chondrosarcoma [3]. EWS occurs predominantly in the bones of extremities and pelvis of children and young adolescents. OS and EWS of the pelvis share many characteristics and features compared with those arising in other parts of the body. Given the deeper location in the body than those in the extremities, pelvic malignancies are usually larger when being diagnosed, thereby greatly affecting treatment and outcome in consequence.
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