Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been widely used, because plasticity, specific surface markers, self-renewal to transform into various lineages including cardiomyocytes. Information about the connexin (Cx) cardiac conduction systems of the pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) is limited. This study aimed to evaluate cardiomyocyte differentiation from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of pigtail macaques and to clarify the Cx cardiac conduction system. Bone marrow aspirates were obtained from the proximal humerus of four adult male pigtail macaques, collected into heparinized tubes, then centrifuged to obtain mononuclear cells that were isolated and cultured in an incubator. After these cells reached 70–80% monolayer confluency as homogeneous fibroblast-like cells, they were subcultured. On the second subculture passage, the cells were pelleted to extract the mRNA, which was analysed by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, and then cultured for a third passage. Cells were positive for CD73 and CD105 and the reference gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and negative for CD34 and CD45. Osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic, and cardiomyocyte differentiation was confirmed based on specific staining. The pigtail macaque bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated and subcultured. The transcription of genes and translation of proteins of the connexin cardiac conduction systems was successfully identified.
Highlights
About 100,000–200,000 primates are used annually for research in the United States, Europe and Japan
This study aimed to evaluate cardiomyocyte differentiation from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of pigtail macaques and to clarify the Cx cardiac conduction system
Primers used were for CD73 and CD105, markers of mesenchymal stem cells, the haematopoietic stem cell markers CD34, CD45 and the reference gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH)
Summary
About 100,000–200,000 primates are used annually for research in the United States, Europe and Japan. The Macaca genus is often selected for biomedical research because of its similarities to humans in terms of physiological, anatomical and genetic composition, which is around 93.5% identical with humans. The species Macaca nemestrina from Indonesia used in this study is spread across the peninsula of Indochina, Sumatra, and Borneo. There are no data on the use of M. nemestrina from Indonesia for the study of cardiomyocyte differentiation and. Mesenchymal stem cells are widely used because they can be isolated and developed into various differentiated cell types. The minimum criteria for defining mesenchymal stem cells are: cells that are capable of adhering to the substrate upon which they grow, that express cluster differentiation (CD) 105 and CD73, and do not express CD34 and CD45, and can differentiate in vitro into osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and cardiomyocytes (Dominici et al 2006). Existing data on Cx-expressing cardiac electrical cells are limited to rabbits (Boyett et al 2006), guinea pigs, pigs, cows (van Kempen et al 1995) and humans (Antonitsis et al 2007)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
