Differentiation of Bovine Tuberculosis and Paratuberculosis Infections with Antemortem Diagnostic Methods

Abstract

In this study, based on the results of tuberculin skin tests (Bovine and Avian PPD) used in the antemortem diagnosis and differentiation of Bovine Tuberculosis, the animals in the farms with suspected Tuberculosis were serologically examined to diagnose Paratuberculosis infection and fecal bacterioscopy was performed. In addition, it was aimed to obtain data that will contribute to the eradication studies of Bovine Tuberculosis disease by comparing the antemortem diagnostic methods of Bovine Tuberculosis disease, which is endemic in Türkiye and by determining the sensitivity and specificity values of the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) test. In this context, intradermal tuberculin test was applied to 423 cattle with suspected Tuberculosis in a total of 5 dairy cattle farms, one each from Çankırı, Çorum, Ankara, Eskişehir and Konya regions, and this test was determined as the gold standard method and the sensitivity and specificity of the IFN-γ test were determined as 86% and 97%, respectively. For the diagnosis of Paratuberculosis infection, antibody ELISA, fecal bacterioscopy and IFN-γ ELISA were performed on these animals and the prevalence of these tests were 10.4%, 5.44% and 4.96% respectively and 4 (0.95%) of the cattle were positive for each of the diagnostic methods for Map infection. As a result, it was concluded that IFN-γ test, which gives similar results to intradermal tuberculin test results, can also be used in the antemortem diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis. Also, in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test for the diagnosis of Tuberculosis infection, avian PPD positive animals were found to play a decisive role in the detection of nonspecific reactions or Paratuberculosis infected animals, supported by other tests used for the diagnosis of Paratuberculosis.