Abstract
The current study was conducted in the private station for Holstein cows farming that located in the middle of Iraq through the years 2020 – 2021 by select 125 cows with 3rd parity and divide the selected groups (pregnant and calved). Results that the IL-4 concentration differed significantly (P ≤ 0.01) at 40 days before calving, the concentration (400 pg/ml0 in heat stressed cows and at 20 days before calving, the concentration was 433 pg/ml in cows under heat stress. Results indicated that the concentrations of IL-6 differed significantly (P ≤ 0.01) because of heat stress during the period before calving, the concentrations of IL-6 were increased significantly in the cow’s blood that suffer from heat stress namely, 7.22 ng/ml and 8.39 ng/ml at 40 and 20 days respectively before calving compared with 5.11 ng/ml and 4.97 ng/ml respectively in cows that reared under comfort zone of ambient temperature. The results indicated that a significant difference in IFN-ϒ concentrations in cow blood suffer from heat stress compared with cows reared under normal ambient temperature. IFN-ϒ levels before 40 days of calving were 68.39 ng/ml and 47.66 ng/ml in cows stressed and unstressed respectively while were71.18 ng/ml and 49.5 ng/ml before 20 days of calving respectively.
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