Abstract
DIFFERENTIATED ROAD CONSTRUCTION COSTS
Highlights
High construction costs, which total as much as several million euros per km of state-ofthe-art road, pose a major obstacle to the rapid development of the road network [2, 7, 11]
In order to confront the issue of road construction costs with various proportions of tunnel length p, as compared to total road section length, the calculation can be performed according to the following equation: kp = kt p + kd (1-p) where kp is the average cost of construction of 1 km of road for the adopted p; p is the value of the proportion of tunnel length lt km, as compared to the length of the analysed road section ld km; p = lt / ld; and kt, kd are the construction costs of 1 km of tunnel and the remaining road section outside the tunnel, respectively, in PLN millions
When analysing 24 contracts [4] concluded by the General Director for National Roads and Motorways in 2016 [11], for the construction of S-class express roads, there is a high difference in the average unit prices, ranging from PLN 9.4 million to PLN 322.9 million/km (Fig. 5)
Summary
A. Więckowski which translates into lower construction costs. In mountain areas, where there is a need for strengthening embankment and excavation slopes with retaining walls and anchors, as well as a need for building many bridges and even tunnels, costs are much higher than when constructing roads in undulated and flat areas. Local conditions often require the transfer of entire habitats of flora and fauna, together with building special passes, changing watercourses, creating roadside greens or constructing acoustic screens. The costs are affected by fluctuating prices in the construction industry. The article presents the costs of motorway construction across Europe, as well as an analysis of capex per road sections with various tunnel lengths. The analysis considers varying contract prices involving the construction of 24 S-class road sections, concluded in 2016 in Poland
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