Abstract
Obesity is a popular topic due to both its mortality and morbidity rates and related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. Cancer development and progression relate to many factors one of which is dysfunctional adipocytes found in the tumor microenvironment. However, underlying molecular mechanisms of the obesity-cancer link have not been fully understood. In the current study, condition media (CM) obtained from differentiated pre-adipocytes was used to set an indirect co-culture system with the prostate cancer cell line. Firstly, adipogenesis of 3T3F44-2A was checked by oil red o staining and expressions of specific genes. CM of differentiated 3T3F44-2A was applied on prostate cancer cells (PC3). Cell viability, migration capacity and related gene expression levels of the cells were evaluated. 20% CM increased cell viability after 48h. The administration also induced proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expressions. The results presented the roles of adipocytes found in the tumor microenvironment and this could allow new therapeutic developments. As a new perspective to evaluate the obesity-cancer link, our model experiment may also be useful for other cancer types.
Highlights
Obesity has recently been one of the most important health problem that may have consequences for morbidity and mortality (McMillan et al 2006)
Pre-adipocytes were successfully differentiated into mature adipose cells and condition media (CM) were collected
CM of the differentiated pre-adipocyte were collected between days 6-10 of differentiation
Summary
Obesity has recently been one of the most important health problem that may have consequences for morbidity and mortality (McMillan et al 2006). Adipose tissue mainly consists of fat storage cells called adipocytes which secrete adipokines such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and hormones (Deng & Scherer 2010, Dumas & Brisson 2021). These adipokines have a crucial role in tumor growth, migration and invasion due to their paracrine signaling function. This feature of adipokines can alter tumor microenvironment which has a prominent role in carcinogenesis and includes several cell types such as adipocytes, immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and cancer-associated fibroblasts (Nieman et al 2011, Toren et al 2013, Augsten 2014, Park et al 2014, Pérez-Hernández et al 2014, Lengyel et al 2018, Zhang & Scherer 2018, Quail & Dannenberg 2019)
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