Differentially-Charged Liposomes Interact with Alphaherpesviruses and Interfere with Virus Entry

Oleksandr Kolyvushko,Juliane Latzke,Ismail Dahmani,Salvatore Chiantia,Nikolaus Osterrieder,Walid Azab

doi:10.3390/pathogens9050359

Oleksandr Kolyvushko, Juliane Latzke + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050359

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Journal: Pathogens	Publication Date: May 8, 2020
Citations: 8	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Freie Universität Berlin, University of Potsdam

Abstract

Exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane is induced by infection with several members of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. There is evidence that PS is used by the equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) during entry, but the exact role of PS and other phospholipids in the entry process remains unknown. Here, we investigated the interaction of differently charged phospholipids with virus particles and determined their influence on infection. Our data show that liposomes containing negatively charged PS or positively charged DOTAP (N-[1-(2,3-Dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium) inhibited EHV-1 infection, while neutral phosphatidylcholine (PC) had no effect. Inhibition of infection with PS was transient, decreased with time, and was dose dependent. Our findings indicate that both cationic and anionic phospholipids can interact with the virus and reduce infectivity, while, presumably, acting through different mechanisms. Charged phospholipids were found to have antiviral effects and may be used to inhibit EHV-1 infection.

Highlights

Phospholipids have been shown to be necessary for enveloped viruses to promote infection.Phosphatidylserine (PS) is used as a receptor by different viruses [1,2]
We investigated between virus particles and the different phospholipids means concentration of 200the μMinteraction or 300 μM
We report here that PS and DOTAP inhibit the infection of Equine dermal (ED) cells by equid herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1)

Summary

Introduction

Phospholipids have been shown to be necessary for enveloped viruses to promote infection.Phosphatidylserine (PS) is used as a receptor by different viruses [1,2]. It was shown that PS exposure on cell surface occurs shortly after equid herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) contacts the cell [3]. Similar findings for another alphaherpesvirus, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), were reported [4]. Exogenous PS and the anionic lipid phosphatidylglycerol facilitate cell-to-cell fusion of cells expressing human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) proteins. This led to the conclusion that specific interactions can occur between virus particles and cellular phospholipids [5]

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