Abstract
In this work, the differential two-photon spectroscopy with an adjustable angle between the beams is used for measurement of atomic temperatures in a working 40Ca magneto-optical trap. It is demonstrated that it is possible to improve the accuracy of temperature measurements by selecting different angles. Experimental and theoretical studies of two-photon Rydberg transitions 4s2 1S0—50 1S0 in cold 40Ca atoms by means of counter-propagating laser beams and laser beams with different angles are performed. By analyzing the spectral shapes, a dependence of Doppler broadening on frequency detuning of cooling laser beams is obtained. We have measured the temperature of 40Ca atoms in the range from 4 to 8 mK for different values of the cooling laser detuning.
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