Differential spatial plasticity response in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) root architecture under water stress is driven by increased root diameter, surface area and volume at deeper layers

Abstract

Root plasticity enables plants to adapt to spatial and temporal changes in soil resources. In this study, 40 common bean genotypes evaluated for two root and shoot traits under irrigated and water stress. Three genotypes WB-216, WB-N-2, and WB-966 with contrasting plasticity responses were used for in-depth study. Highest positive plasticity for most root traits was found in case of WB-N2 and WB-216, whereas, WB-966 had negative plasticity for all the traits recorded. In terms of spatial plasticity for root traits in three root length sections, WB-216 was positively plastic for root diameter with progressive decrease from top to bottom sections. WB-N2 had positive plasticity values for root diameter, root surface area and root volume. WB-966 had negative plasticity for all the traits. For WB-216, the root diameter increased under drought in S1 but was almost same in bottom sections. In case of WB-N2, there was increase in root diameter in S2 and S3, but for WB-966, root diameter decreased in all sections. Similar trend was observed in all three genotypes for root surface area and volume. We report that major drivers of spatial plasticity of root architectural traits are increased root diameter, surface area and volume at deeper layers.