Abstract
BackgroundLegumes are considered staple foods for many countries in different areas of the world. Cultivation of nematode-resistant newly introduced field pea and cowpea cultivars is an important, cheap, and economical way to reduce damaging the nematode population that comes from improper use of nematicides and pesticides.ResultsThe cultivars of two examined crops were planted in pots inoculated with second-stage juveniles of M. incognita under screen house conditions. The results proved significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) among the tested cultivars regarding their responses to M. incognita. Host resistance/susceptibility was rated on the basis of potential reproduction index (PRI). Host reaction was based on average percent reduction potentials of plant growth and yield. The combination between host resistance/susceptibility and host reaction rates was used to give clear and accurate determination to these cultivars. According to the later scale, field pea cultivars were grouped into three categories of highly susceptible (Consessa), moderately susceptible (Diacole), and intolerant cultivars (Cerdon, Samantha and 337), while cowpea cultivars were grouped into two categories of highly susceptible (Kafr El-Sheikh) and susceptible cultivars (Dokki and 331).ConclusionsNone of the tested cowpea and field pea cultivars was found to be resistant or immune to root-knot nematode, M. incognita. Subsequently, plant growth and yield of the tested cultivars seemed to be severely damaged by root-knot nematode that might be attributed to less nutrient uptake by field pea and cowpea roots due to nematode infection. Planting of highly susceptible or susceptible cultivar in progression with resistant cultivars may help in limiting or reducing these defects. This is keeping management processes and production more economical. Further studies are needed to evaluate more cultivars/accessions against root-knot nematode.
Highlights
Legumes are considered staple foods for many countries in different areas of the world
Cultivation of nematode-resistant cowpea cultivars is an important and economical way to reduce damaging nematode population that come from improper use of nematicides and pesticides, due to hazards caused by improper use of nematicides and pesticides (Swanson and Van Gundy 1984; Witcher and Ogle 1987; Patel et al 1990; Heffes et al 1992; Olowe 2007)
Plant growth and yield of the tested cultivars seemed to be severely affected by root-knot nematode that may be attributed to less nutrient uptake by field pea and cowpea roots due to the nematode infection (Heffes et al 1992)
Summary
Legumes are considered staple foods for many countries in different areas of the world. Cultivation of nematode-resistant newly introduced field pea and cowpea cultivars is an important, cheap, and economical way to reduce damaging the nematode population that comes from improper use of nematicides and pesticides. Vegetables are important components of the daily diet of humans and are considered high-value cash crops for many growers in the world. They have been grown in Egypt for exporting and local consumption and have been reported to be infested by root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. This study was conducted to evaluate newly introduced cultivars of two legume crops, cowpea as summer crop and field pea as winter crop for their response to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Youssef and El-Nagdi Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2019) 43:178 root-knot nematode infection (Hadisoeganda and Sasser1982; Santo and Ponti 1985; Montasser et al 2017).
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