Differential regulation of endothelial cell adhesion, spreading, and cytoskeleton on low‐density polyethylene by nanotopography and surface chemistry modification induced by argon plasma treatment

Abstract

Plasma treatment of polymer surfaces can modify the nanoscale roughness, wettability, and oxygen surface functionalities. However, how these modifications regulate cell behavior is not well understood. The objective of this investigation was to examine adhesion, spreading, and cytoskeleton of vascular endothelial cells seeded on low-density polyethylene surfaces modified by Ar plasma. In the absence of serum, adhesion and spreading of the cells and actin filament assembly were enhanced by high-energy Ar plasma-induced hydrophilicity and formation of C-O groups at the surface. Although serum increased cell adhesion and spreading on untreated surfaces for a relatively short period, this behavior was not stable for a long time. In contrast to the untreated polymer surfaces, serum suppressed cell adhesion and spreading on the plasma-treated surfaces. The preadsorption of albumin from the bovine serum on the polymer surfaces inhibited cell adhesion and spreading. Results demonstrate the differential effects of Ar plasma-induced surface modifications on endothelial cell behavior and provide insight into complex interactions among polymer surfaces, adsorbed proteins, and cells. The findings of this study have significant implications in surface engineering for vascular repair.