Differential Pulse Voltammetric Analysis of Hydrazine in Water Samples by Using Screen-Printed Graphite Electrode Modified with Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Spheres

Abstract

The present study introduces a facile and efficient voltammetric hydrazine sensor via the modification of screen-printed graphite electrode (SPGE) with nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres (N-HCSs). This work is the first report of the new method of electroanalytical determination of hydrazine through N-HCSs modified SPGE. The N-HCSs fabricated through the templating approach (hard template) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were employed for electrochemical determinations. The produced N-HCSs/SPGE had an appreciable electrocatalytic capacity for the hydrazine oxidation, with the least oxidation overpotential and elevated voltammetric peak currents. The peak current of hydrazine oxidation on N-HCSs/SPGE possessed a distinct linear association with its levels (0.02–380.0 μM) under the optimized experimental circumstances, with the limit of detection (LOD) as narrow as 0.007 μM. Good stability and acceptable reproducibility were also attained on the N-HCSs/SPGE. In addition, the developed technique exhibited good selectivity toward the detection of hydrazine in the presence of some interfering species. The practical applicability of proposed sensor was successful by sensing hydrazine in water samples.