Abstract
The study was designed to determine the differential protein expression of Caco-2 cells treated with different forms of selenium including sodium selenite, selenomethionine (Se-Met), and selenium nanoparticles (nano-Se). Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins. The results indicated that seven protein spots, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 (E2), glutathione synthetases (GS), triosephosphate isomerase (TSP), T-complex protein 1 subunit zeta (TCPZ), lamin-B1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (hnRNP F), and superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (Cu, Zn-SOD) were significantly different among all the groups. According to the order of control, sodium selenite, Se-Met, and Nano-Se, the expression levels of two proteins (E2 and GS) increased and the other differential proteins were reverse. Except for E2, there were no significant differences in other protein expressions between the groups treated with nano-Se and Se-Met.
Highlights
IntroductionMany animal experiments and clinical studies had indicated that Se plays an important role in diverse physiologic actions [1,2]
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for human
After in-gel trypsin digestion and MALDI-TOF/TOF identification, seven significant protein spots were successfully identified as ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 (E2), glutathione synthetases (GS), triosephosphate isomerase (TSP), T-complex protein 1 subunit zeta (TCPZ), lamin-B1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F, and superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (Cu, Zn-SOD) (Table 1)
Summary
Many animal experiments and clinical studies had indicated that Se plays an important role in diverse physiologic actions [1,2]. The essentiality of Se depends on its role at the catalytic site of multiple selenoproteins [3]. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), thioredoxin reductase (TRR), and deiodinases (ID) are some of the enzymes with Se in their structure. These enzymes perform many important biological functions. The reduction of hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed by GSH-Px through the reduced glutathione. As for TRR, it catalyzes the NADPHdependent reduction of the redox protein thioredoxin [4]. The above enzymes play a critical role in reproduction, antioxidation, muscle function, and tumor prevention [5]
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