Differential Oxylipid Metabolism in Response to EPA and DHA in IgA Nephropathy

Abstract

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is associated with renal hypertension and inflammation. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in fish oil (FO) improve kidney function in animal models but are inconsistent in humans. Plasma oxylipid profiles from IgAN patients (n=10) and healthy controls (n=12) pre vs. post 2 g/d EPA + 1.5 g/d DHA and IgAN patients pre vs. post corn oil (CO) (n=9) were analyzed by LC/MS/MS. At baseline, patients had significantly higher EPA, DHA, linoleic acid (LA), α‐linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid (ARA) epoxides and diols and higher prostaglandins and leukotrienes. There were isomer‐specific differences between patients and controls pre and post FO. Several EPA and DHA metabolites were increased in both patients and controls post FO, but unchanged in patients post CO. The ARA lipoxygenase metabolites 5‐, 8‐, 9‐, and 15‐HETE and the LA lipoxygenase metabolites 9‐HODE, 9‐oxo‐ODE, and 13‐HODE were decreased in controls but unchanged in patients post FO. There were significant differences between controls and patients pre and post FO supplementation, which are indicative of differences in ω3 and oxylipid metabolism in IgAN.