Abstract
This article presents a microwave sensor for detecting the water volume fraction in the glycerol–water solutions. The sensor is designed using a planar transmission line terminated with a series RLC resonator. A very dense concentration of the electromagnetic field around the resonator at resonance provides a very high sensitivity to any dielectric loading. Two identical sensing elements are designed and fabricated for a differential measurement. The experimental results with glycerol–water solutions of various concentrations show a high sensitivity of the differential S-parameter level to the water volume fraction in the solutions. The proposed sensor offers a high sensitivity, compact, real-time, and robust measurement platform with potential application in bio-electronics, biofuel characterizations, and food industry.
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