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Abstract
Menopause is an endocrine-related transition that induces a number of physiological and potentially pathological changes in middle-aged and elderly women. The intention of this research was to investigate the influence of menopause on the intricate relationships between major biochemical metabolites. The study involved metabolic profiling of 186 metabolic markers measured in blood plasma collected from 120 healthy female participants. We developed a method of network analysis using differential correlation that enabled us to detect and characterize differences in metabolites and changes in inter-relationships in pre- and post-menopausal women. A topological analysis was performed on the differential network that uncovered metabolite differences in pre-and post-menopausal women. In this analysis, our method identified two key metabolites, sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines, which may be useful in directing further studies into menopause-specific differences in the metabolome, and how these differences may underlie the body's response to stress and disease following the transition from pre- to post-menopausal status for women.
Highlights
The transition into menopause induces significant developments in a number of organ systems in the body, as well as the skeletal system
In order to Metabolomics of menopausal status determine the significance of pairwise correlations, we employed Bonferroni multiple-testing correction and used a p-value threshold of 0.05
Considering that there was a significant overlap in metabolite correlations between the two phenotypic conditions, it can be inferred that the majority of correlations were caused by "housekeeping" biological reactions and that they were unrelated to menopausal status
Summary
The transition into menopause induces significant developments in a number of organ systems in the body, as well as the skeletal system. These developments could lead to pathological and physiological changes [1,2]. The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is higher among women than among men, and the difference in prevalence further increases after menopause. This could indicate the significant role played by female sex hormones in the etiology of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases [3,4].
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