Abstract
Caused by the vascular fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata, mango wilt is considered to be one of the most serious threats in mango-producing regions worldwide. However, changes in leaf gas exchange level and the mechanisms underlying host responses to this fungal infection remain poorly described. This study aimed to evaluate potential changes in the leaf gas exchange of different mango cultivars (Uba, Espada, Haden and Tommy Atkins) in response to two Brazilian isolates of C. fimbriata (CEBS15 and MSAK16) to non-invasively assess cultivar variability in relation to the basal level of resistance to mango wilt. Both isolates, regardless of the cultivar, caused reductions in stomatal conductance and, thus, a reduction in CO2 assimilation via diffusive limitations. Taking into account the full length of the internal lesion and the radial colonization of the stem tissues, both isolates showed equivalent aggressiveness when inoculated into the Haden and Tommy Atkins cultivars. Conversely, when compared to the CEBS15 isolate of C. fimbriata, the MSAK16 isolate was more aggressive in cv. Espada and less aggressive in cv. Uba.
Highlights
Caused by the vascular fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata (Halsted, 1890), mango wilt is considered to be one of the most serious threats in mango-producing regions worldwide (Masood and Saeed, 2012), often leading to tree death and the decline of entire orchards (Ribeiro, 1997; Masood and Saeed, 2012)
This study aimed to evaluate potential changes in the leaf gas exchange of different mango cultivars (Ubá, Espada, Haden and Tommy Atkins) in response to two Brazilian isolates of C. fimbriata (CEBS15 and MSAK16) to non-invasively assess cultivar variability in relation to the basal level of resistance to mango wilt
Espada according to the disease indices (Figure 1A-D) evaluated
Summary
Caused by the vascular fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata (Halsted, 1890), mango wilt is considered to be one of the most serious threats in mango-producing regions worldwide (Masood and Saeed, 2012), often leading to tree death and the decline of entire orchards (Ribeiro, 1997; Masood and Saeed, 2012). Because photosynthesis, and the source-sink regulation of sugar partitioning, is related to (and depends on) a healthy leaf area and the integrity of the plant, it may be assumed that, as a consequence of the alterations in leaf gas exchange caused by disease, considerable reductions in crop yield result from pathogen invasion and establishment in plant tissues. The assessment of changes in leaf gas exchange may assist in elucidating the high variability between mango cultivars in terms of their basal level of resistance to mango wilt. Considering the substantial yield losses in producing areas and the consequent need for more information about its effect over mango physiology, the main goal of this study was to assess the contrasting behavior of a number of mango cultivars against infection by certain C. fimbriata isolates in terms of plant leaf gas exchange performance
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