Differential growth and yield responses of local potato cultivars from basic seed tubers

Mónica Eliana Córdoba-Figueroa,Julián Fernando Mateus-Rodríguez,Sandra Insuasty-Córdoba,Hernando Criollo-Escobar

doi:10.1590/s0102-0536-20210305

Mónica Eliana Córdoba-Figueroa, Julián Fernando Mateus-Rodríguez + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20210305

Copy DOI

Abstract

ABSTRACT Potato quality of seed tubers is a determinant factor that allows obtaining high yields, and its use must be a priority for a country or a producing region. Lack of information about how local cultivars perform differentially according to the environment has been identified in order to support potential seeds production programs. The research was carried out in 2018 at the Obonuco Research Center of Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), with the aim of analyzing the growth and yield of basic tuber seeds of five potato (Solanum tuberosum spp. andigena) cultivars. 1,080 seed tubers from each cultivar (treatments) were planted in a completely randomized block design and three replications. Mean comparison Tukey-Kramer (p≤0.05) test was performed for the yield analysis. From emergency to final harvest, destructive sampling was carried out every fifteen days in order to calculate dry matter and leaf area and establish growth models based on the accumulated degree-days (DD). The yield and proportion of seed tubers per plant were determined according to local resolution for seed certification in Colombia. Growth variables fitted better with the Hoerl, Gaussian, and third-degree polynomial models. The leaf area index of the potato cultivars reached the maximum value at 876 DD, with values ranging from 2.91 to 6.11 DD. The highest yield per plant was obtained by the Ica Única cultivar (2.73 kg plant-1). However, this cultivar showed the lowest percentage of seed tubers, with 50.59% compared to the others, which ranged between 80.82 and 87.40%. Differential potato growth responses through models based on the DD would explain the differences in final yield and seeds tuber production.

Highlights

Crescimento diferencial e respostas de produção de cultivares locais de batata a partir de tubérculos-semente básicos
The soil was classified as Typic Haplustults, being characterized: pH= 5.7; Soil organic matter (SOM)= 16.85 g 100 g-1, K= 0.5 cmol kg-1; P, B, Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe and S= 18.73; 0.19; 1.39; 5; 1.16; 137.11 and 1.16 mg kg-1, respectively and Ca= 73%, Mg= 17%, cation exchange capacity (CEC)= 6.69 cmol kg-1
Plant height (PH) for the cultivars showed a slow elongation until 367 DD, and turning logarithmic until 712 DD

Summary

Introduction

Crescimento diferencial e respostas de produção de cultivares locais de batata a partir de tubérculos-semente básicos. A pesquisa foi realizada em 2018 no Centro de Pesquisas Obonuco da Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), com o objetivo de analisar o crescimento e a produção de tubérculos-semente de cinco cultivares de batata (Solanum tuberosum spp. andigena). As respostas diferenciais de crescimento da batata por meio de modelos baseados no DD explicariam as diferenças no rendimento final e na produção de tubérculo-sementes. The industrial variety Diacol Capiro occupied 23% of the potato production in 2018. New alternatives such as Pastusa Superior with high yield and culinary quality have increased the cultivation area (around 23%) due to the rapid adoption among farmers and local markets. Ica Unica variety with a few local varieties occupy the other 50% of the total area (MADR, 2019)

Objectives

Methods

Results