Differential expression of CD45 isoforms in canine leukocytes

Abstract

CD45 is one of the most abundant molecules expressed on the white blood cell surface in various mammals. In this study, we investigated the differential expression of CD45 isoforms in normal canine white blood cells. It has been shown that all canine nucleated blood cells express CD45. We characterized two major isoforms of canine CD45 derived from alternative splicing: a higher molecular weight isoform, CD45RA, and a lower molecular weight isoform, CD45RO. The nucleotide sequences of the two isoforms were identical, except for the region corresponding to a part in the extracellular domain. Flow cytometry analysis using an antibody that recognizes CD45RA, but not CD45RO, revealed that granulocytes did not express CD45RA, and monocytes express low levels of CD45RA. We further analyzed the expression levels of CD45RA in each lymphocyte subpopulation and found that the expression of CD45RA on CD21+ B cells was uniform. On the other hand, expression of CD45RA on CD3+ T cells was variable. Upon stimulation of lymphocytes with Con A, the CD45RA+ fraction increased, indicating that not only the phenotypes but also the activation status influences the isoform expression pattern of CD45. Our finding provides a basic knowledge of the expression of canine CD45, which could be a tool to study lymphocytes with various phenotypes, developmental stages, and activation status.