Abstract
A cypermethrin-degrading bacterium (SG4) was isolated from the pesticide-contaminated soil in the agricultural field of the crop research centre of the University, and characterized as Bacillus thuringiensis strain, SG4. The bacterium degraded 78.9 % of cypermethrin (50 ppm) in 15 days when grown in a minimal medium. To understand the functional proteins of cypermethrin degradation in Bacillus thuringiensis strain SG4, a comparative proteomic analysis was performed in the presence/absence of cypermethrin after 5 days of incubation in minimal medium. More than 450 spots corresponding to different proteins were recorded by 2D electrophoresis. We report expression of 223 and 250 unique proteins under normal and induced conditions (cypermethrin stress), respectively. Identified proteins were categorized into different functional groups on the basis of their biological functions, viz., catabolic enzymes, translational and stress proteins, etc. Characterization of cypermethrin-specific proteins in a bacterial strain will help in biodegradation practices in situ.
Highlights
Cypermethrin belongs to a synthetic pyrethroid group of insecticides and is used to control insects of cotton and lettuce
This study reveals that resistance towards cypermethrin in Bacillus thuringiensis strain is a combination of complex responses that are displayed by proteomic expression profiles of resistant bacteria
The present study offers an example of application of proteomic approach to screen cypermethrin resistance proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis strain, SG4
Summary
Cypermethrin belongs to a synthetic pyrethroid group of insecticides and is used to control insects of cotton and lettuce. It is a broad-spectrum insecticide and kills beneficial insects along with target insects. Resistance to cypermethrin (developed quickly in insects exposed frequently to this chemical) renders it ineffective in insects. It readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, enters the brain and eventually leads to nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rats after prolonged exposure (Tiwari et al 2010; Singh and Singh 2011; Pankaj et al 2016). Cypermethrin induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration altering the mitochondrial function was studied using proteomics by Agrawal et al (2015)
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