Abstract
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is a key global issue in production and end-use quality of cereals, particularly in regions where the rainfall season overlaps the harvest. To investigate transcriptomic changes in genes affected by PHS-induction and ABA-treatment, RNA-seq analysis was performed in two wheat cultivars that differ in PHS tolerance. A total of 123 unigenes related to hormone metabolism and signaling for abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and cytokinin were identified and 1862 of differentially expressed genes were identified and divided into 8 groups by transcriptomic analysis. DEG analysis showed the majority of genes were categorized in sugar related processes, which interact with ABA signaling in PHS tolerant cultivar under PHS-induction. Thus, genes related to ABA are key regulators of dormancy and germination. Our results give insight into global changes in expression of plant hormone related genes in response to PHS.
Highlights
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is a key agronomic issue because it can reduce grain yield and crop quality, especially of milling and baking quality wheat [1,2], causing economic losses [3]
Among the gibberellic acid (GA) metabolic genes, we identified 4 copalyl diphosphate synthase (CPS), 5 ent-kaurene synthase (KS), 2 ent-kaurene oxidase (KO), and one gibberellin 2-beta dioxygenase (GA2ox) (Figure 3A)
A total of 104,542 unigenes were identified from RNA-seq which were used as mapping reference of six samples of artificial PHS-induced and abscisic acid (ABA)-treated ‘Keumgang’ and ‘Woori’
Summary
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is a key agronomic issue because it can reduce grain yield and crop quality, especially of milling and baking quality wheat [1,2], causing economic losses [3]. Controlling dormancy and germination in cereal grains and improving PHS tolerance has become a major aim of Korean wheat breeding. Many cereal crops, including wheat, have been selected for rapid and uniform germination, and show weak dormancy, making them susceptible to PHS [4,5]. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for dormancy and PHS tolerance have been studied by many researchers. Ogbonnaya et al [6] utilized recombinant inbred lines (RILs) progeny populations from a cross between PHS-tolerant and -susceptible parents to study the genetic basis of dormancy and PHS tolerance, and identify the chromosomal position of QTLs for PHS tolerance. The relationships between seed color and PHS tolerance QTLs located on group 3, 4, 5, and 6 chromosomes have been studied in hexaploid wheat in Canada in breeding of white wheat [7]
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