Differential equations of smooth loops related to some space-time models: Integrability conditions and geometry

Abstract

The original approach of Lie to the theory of transformation groups acting on smooth manifolds, on the basis of differential equations, being applied to smooth loops, has permitted the development of the infinitesimal theory of smooth loops generalizing the Lie group theory.A loop with the law of associativity verified for its binary operation is a group. It has been shown that the system of differential equations characterizing a smooth loop with the right Bol identity and the integrability conditions lead to the binary-ternary algebra as a proper infinitesimal object, which turns out to be the Bol algebra (i.e. a Lie triple system with an additional bilinear skew-symmetric operation). There exist the analogous considerations for Moufang loops.We will consider the differential equations of smooth loops, generalizing smooth left Bol loops, with the identities that are the characteristic identities for the algebraic description of some relativistic space-time models. Further examinations of the integrability conditions for the differential equations allow us to introduce the proper infinitesimal object for some subclass of loops under consideration.The geometry of corresponding homogeneous spaces can be described in terms of tensors of curvature and torsion.