Abstract
Effects of auxin polar transport inhibitors, 2,3,5-triio-dobenzoic acid (TIBA), 1-<em>N</em>-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and methyl 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylate (morphactin IT 3456), as a lanolin paste, on root formation in cuttings of some species of Crassulaceae, such as <em>Bryophyllum daigremontianum, B. calycinum, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana </em>and <em>K. tubiflora</em>, were studied. Cuttings of these plants were easily rooted in water without any treatment. TIBA and morphactin IT 3456 completely inhibited root formation in the cuttings of these plants but NPA did not when these inhibitors were applied around the stem below the leaves. When TIBA and morphactin were applied around the stem near the top, but leaves were present below the treatment, the root formation was observed in <em>B. calycinum </em>and <em>K. blossfeldiana </em>but in a smaller degree than in control cuttings. These results strongly suggest that endogenous auxin is required for root formation in cuttings of Crassulaceae plants. The differential mode of action of NPA is discussed together with its effect on auxin polar transport.
Highlights
Rooting in cuttings is a useful method to propagate plants
When triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and morphactin were applied as a ring around the upper side of the stem near the top of cuttings, root formation was observed in cuttings of B. calycinum and K. blossfeldiana, but to a much smaller extent as compared to that in control cuttings (Fig. 2, Table 2)
These results strongly suggest that endogenous auxin produced and/or restored in the regions below the treatments of TIBA and morphactin and naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) is required for root formation in cuttings
Summary
Rooting in cuttings is a useful method to propagate plants . Many adventitious roots in cuttings are required. Auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is one of essential endogenous hormones known to play the most important role in the formation of adventitious roots [1]. IAA, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene-3-acetic acid (NAA) are widely used in the promotion of rooting cuttings. Auxin has been well known to play a crucial role in many aspects and development in plants [2]. The auxin polar transport generates auxin maxima and gradients within tissues that are instrumental in the diverse regulation of various plant developmental processes, including elongational growth, organogenesis, vascular tissue formation, embryogenesis, tropisms and many other processes, including root formation in cuttings as described above [4]
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