Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding of a high-fat diet containing different types of lipids for four weeks on the cholesterol and triglyceride contents of different fat depots and on body temperature in rats. Four groups of adult rats were fed 10% fat, containing either beef tallow, safflower oil, or fish oil, respectively, as well as a normal rodent diet with 4% fat, for four weeks. The rats on normal rodent diet consumed significantly more food and water than the rats in the other three groups. Rectal temperature increased only after four-week feeding with safflower oil fat. Increased fat deposition and adipocyte size were observed in rats fed safflower oil and beef tallow. In all fat pads of safflower oil-fed rats, cholesterol content was significantly higher than the other three groups. Feeding of beef tallow increased triglyceride depot without increasing cholesterol content. The rats fed fish oil had significantly less triglyceride and cholesterol deposition in adipose tissues than the rats fed safflower oil or beef tallow. These results clearly demonstrated the differences in fat deposition, adipocyte size and number, triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation in fat cells are dependent on the dietary lipid composition.
Highlights
Obesity is a growing global health concern that underlies the development of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease [1]
From the first week to end of experiment, increment of body weight in the rats fed beef tallow and safflower oil diets were the end of experiment, increment of body weight in the rats fed beef tallow and safflower oil diets significantly higher than those in the rats fed fish oil and normal rodent diets
There was no significant difference in body weight gain fish oil and normal rodent groups or between safflower oil and beef tallow groups during the test either between fish oil and normal rodent groups or between safflower oil and beef tallow groups periods
Summary
Obesity is a growing global health concern that underlies the development of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease [1]. Compelling evidence from animal studies has demonstrated that chronic feeding with a high-fat diet causes an expansion of adipose tissue mass through an increase in adipocyte size (hypertrophy) and/or number (hyperplasia), leading to the subsequent development of obesity [2] These is little definitive information on the effect of dietary fat type on adipose tissue cellularity and the development of obesity. Su et al [3] and Hill et al [4] reported a reduction in fat accumulation in rats fed fish oil, but no differences in energy accumulation between rats fed other dietary fat types, e.g., olive oil vs beef tallow; or lard vs corn oil These observations emphasized the important role of dietary fats with different fatty acid composition on body fat accumulation
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