Abstract
Due to their different antiinflammatory and immunmodulatory effects corticosteroids are widely used in the treatment of SLE. Literature data support both Th1 and Th2 dominance in lupus. There are only few reports about cytokine profile of CD8+ T cells in SLE. In the present study we examined by flow cytometry the cytoplasmic IFNγ, IL-4 and IL-10 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from six active, untreated, newly diagnosed SLE patients, who received after that 1 mg/kg methylprednisolon. Pretreatment expression of IFNγ was lower, while IL-4 and IL-10 expressions were higher in CD4+, but not in CD8+ T cells of patients than in control cells. Corticosteroid treatment increased IFNγ and decreased IL-4 and IL-10 expressions in patients' CD4+ cells, but had no significant effect on the cytoplasmic cytokine expression of CD8+ cells. In conclusion, present results indicate that corticosteroid therapy does not influence INFγ, IL-4 and IL-10 expression in CD8+ T cells of lupus patients, and it may have pathogenic significance.
Highlights
The presence of autoantibodies directed to citrullinated antigens in serum is highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
We discuss the presence of anti-keratin antibodies (AKA) of the IgG class in patients with defined juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
Our study revealed that AKA was present overall in 18/29 patients (62%) with severe JIA and in 12/26 patients (46,2 %) with non-severe disease, this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0,18)
Summary
The presence of autoantibodies directed to citrullinated antigens in serum is highly specific for RA. Anti-CCP concentrations (expressed in Units per mg total IgG) were on average 1.34 times higher in SF compared to serum (n = 20, P < 0.05) or 1.37 when only positive samples were included (n = 11, P < 0.05) Conclusion: Citrullinated antigens are present in the synovia of both RA and control patients with similar prevalence. At higher concentrations (>1ng/μl) of RNA-oligonucleotides unspecific hybridization-signals prevailed in tissues of all diseases (even in normal controls) The combination of both methods (in situ-hybridization and immunohistochemistry) identifies the single cells inside the synovial lining layer which contains the highly expressed RAB3 “Kreisler” (maf B) gene. Conclusions: These data demonstrates for the first time that statins (and fluvastatin) are able to inhibit an endothelial proadhesive and pro-inflammatory phenotype induced by different stimuli including anti-β2GPI antibodies or pro-inflammatory cytokines These findings suggest a potential usefulness for statins in the prevention of the APS pro-atherothrombotic state
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