Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this research was to detect spectral differences in glycemic components. Urine samples were collected from 40 patients who were divided into a control group and a diabetic and hypertensive group. The samples were obtained in the morning, fasting, and stored a freezer at − 80 °C until spectral analysis. Spectral data collection was performed using a dispersive Raman spectrometer (Dimension P-1 model, Lambda Solutions, Inc., MA, USA). The equipment uses a stabilized multimode diode laser operating at 830 nm, with about 300 mW power output, and time integration to collect the Raman signal was adjusted to 5 s. The mean Raman spectra displaced from the urine of patients in the study groups (CT and DM & HBP) were identified at the range of 516 and 1127 cm−1. Comparative analysis of mean urine spectra showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups, the Student's t-test was used to compare the mean Raman spectra of the groups. The comparative analysis of peak intensities at 516 and 1127 cm−1 in the urine of diabetic control and hypertensive patients revealed that it was higher in the DM & HBP group than in the CT group, however, with no significant difference (p > 0.05). To quantify the glucose in urine and discriminate the groups, a model was developed to estimate the concentration using a quantitative regression model based on partial least squares (PLS). According to the data obtained, there was an excellent correlation (r = 0.98) between the concentrations estimated by the model and the concentrations determined by colorimetric analysis. Discriminant analysis (DA) based on a regression model (PLS) proved to be promising as it discriminated the control group without errors, and the rate in the DM & HBP group was 89.1%. Raman spectroscopy can be a potentially useful tool for testing glucose in urine.KeywordsGlucoseDiabetes mellitusRaman spectroscopyGlycosuriaUrine
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