Abstract
As shown by Gilovich (1990), the False Consensus Effect (FCE, i.e., people′s tendency to relatively overestimate the commonness of their own position) can be the result of differential construal. The question addressed in the present research was whether differential construal results not only in a FCE but also in a False Uniqueness Effect (FUE, i.e, the relative underestimation of one′s position). This may be due to the match or mismatch between the positive or negative construal of a category and expectations associated with reference groups. Results of Study 1 showed that FCE′s occurred for an ingroup and an outgroup for which expectations matched positive construals. A FUE occurred in estimates for an outgroup for which expectations matched negative construals. Study 2, using a different design, replicated these findings.
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