Abstract
Recent literature has drawn a distinction between charging across the surface (lateral differential charging) and charging with depth (vertical differential charging) for insulating samples. In this study, differential charging in a bulk insulator was investigated using imaging and small-area spectra acquired with a monochromatic x-ray source. With no charge neutralization, reproducible photoelectron images and spectra could be acquired from a glass sample after ∼90 min of x-ray exposure. The charge shifts and photoelectron peak shapes vary as a function of x-ray flux on the sample, indicating that lateral charging is the dominant mechanism on a bulk insulator. Uniform binding energies, photoelectron peak shapes and images are acquired with the charge neutralizer on.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
