Abstract
In routine practice, some simple and rapid analytical methods are needed for the assessment of formulations containing multiple elements, complex matrix system and for biotherapeutic products. There are several methods available for ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry that rely on the concept of absorbance difference, absorbance spectra, and additivity, also included in the list are simultaneous equation method, Q-absorbance ratio method, derivative spectrophotometry, ratio derivative spectra, successive ratio-derivative spectra, absorption and absorptivity factor method, and difference spectrophotometry along with multivariate chemometric methods. In this review, emphasis has been given to the theories, mathematical context, advantages, and disadvantages along with the vast applications of UV spectrophotometry. The findings further highlighted that for the analysis of drugs, UV spectrophotometry remains as one of the most simple, cheap, and promising option for routine practice in the field of pharmaceuticals.
Highlights
Spectroscopy is the science which deals with the investigation of a spectra which is produced due to interaction of the molecules and is concerned with the interpretation of the absorbed and emitted electromagnetic radiation when the atoms or molecules changes its electronic state from one to another [1].Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy is the study of absorption of the light which based on the Beer-Lambert law that states, the intensity of absorption is directly dependent on concentration and path length of species which get absorbed in the solution [2]
The principle of this method is similar to the principle of absorption factor method and the method is applied for the analysis of the binary mixture of drugs (X and Y) having overlapped spectra which intersect the isoabsorptive point and it is found that one compound exhibits some interference at the λmax of another compound, while another compound does not exhibit any interference at the λmax of the other compound
[37] It is a novel spectrophotometric method applied for the simultaneous determination of multicomponent pharmaceutical formulation without having any prior separation and there is no need of derivatization
Summary
Spectroscopy is the science which deals with the investigation of a spectra which is produced due to interaction of the molecules and is concerned with the interpretation of the absorbed and emitted electromagnetic radiation when the atoms or molecules changes its electronic state from one to another [1].Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy is the study of absorption of the light which based on the Beer-Lambert law that states, the intensity of absorption is directly dependent on concentration and path length of species which get absorbed in the solution [2]. Simultaneous equation method depends on the absorption of the two drugs in a binary or ternary mixture, each of them absorbs at the λmax of other. This method is applicable for a combination of drugs which obeys Beer’s law and the absorbance ratio at two wavelengths is a constant value which is independent of the path length and concentration.
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