Abstract
The rhizospheric microbiome is capable of changing the physio-chemical properties of its own micro-environment and found to be indispensable in the overall health of the hostplant. The interplay between the rhizospheric environment and the microbiota residing therein tune the physiology of the associated plant. In this study, we have determined how the soil properties and the host-plant remains as an important parameter for microbial community dynamics in the rhizosphere of rice and peanut. In addition to check the physio-chemical parameters of the rhizospheric soil, we have also prepared the metagenomic DNA from each rhizospheric soil followed by high-throughput sequencing and sequence analysis to predict the OTUs that represents the community structure. The alpha-diversity of the bacterial community in the RRN sample was highest, while the lowest was in PRS sample. Actinobacteria is the most predominant phylum in PRN, PRS and RRN, whereas Acidobacteria in RRS. We found a clear shift in bacterial community over the rice and peanut rhizosphere and also over these host-rhizospheres from normal and high saline region. The rhizospheric bacterial community composition found to be affected by the close-by environmental factors. Thus, the rhizospheric bacterial community structure is related to both the adjoining soil characters and the type of the hosts.
Highlights
The root-adjoining soil where the plant has much higher influence through secretion of their different rootexudates, mucilage and sloughed-cells is the rhizospheric region
The physical and chemical characteristics of all the rhizospheric soil were analysed in order to corelate with the rhizospheric microbiota (Table 1). pH analysis of the soil collected from the PRS and RRS showed 7.91 ± 0.01 and 7.84 ± 0.02, respectively, whereas soil sample from peanut grown in normal soil (PRN) and rhizosphere grown in normal soil (RRN) showed 6.48 ± 0.04 and 6.75 ± 0.03
The salinity of PRS and RRS ranging between 1.5–1.9 mg/L and was found to be higher than PRN and RRN which were 0.2–0.3 mg/L
Summary
The root-adjoining soil where the plant has much higher influence through secretion of their different rootexudates, mucilage and sloughed-cells is the rhizospheric region. By virtue of having various microbes, the rhizosphere remains as the chemical factory where a complex physical, chemical and biochemical interaction are operating which in turn influence the nutrient-cycling, nitrogen-fixation, phosphate mobilization and solubilization, nutrient uptake, water uptake, production of plant growth regulators, seed germination and early plant growth promotion, development in soil structure and competing with plant pathogens (Sahu and Brahmaprakash 2016). The diversity of microorganism plays fundamental role in maintenance of soil-fertility and nutrient-cycling. Such rhizospheric microbiome is having beneficial effect on plant, in few cases the rhizospheric community might have representatives which are either neutral or detrimental for the host plant
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