Different Profile of Serum Leptin between Early Onset and Late Onset Preeclampsia

Minoo Yaghmaei,Saeedeh Salimi,Mohsen Saravani,Farzaneh Farajian-Mashhadi,Mahnaz Shahrakipour,Anoosh Naghavi,Mojgan Mokhtari

doi:10.1155/2014/628476

Minoo Yaghmaei, Saeedeh Salimi + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/628476

Copy DOI

Abstract

Aim. This study was designed to clarify the role of leptin and adiponectin in preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis and different subtypes of preeclampsia. Method. This case control study was performed in 45 PE patients and 45 healthy controls matched for age, BMI, and ethnicity. Serum leptin and adiponectin levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. Maternal serum leptin and adiponectin were significantly higher in PE women than controls. Serum leptin was elevated in early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) and late onset preeclampsia (LOPE) compared to controls. Among PE patients, serum leptin was higher in EOPE than LOPE women. However, serum adiponectin was not different between EOPE and LOPE women. The serum leptin was significantly higher in severe PE than mild PE. The serum adiponectin was significantly elevated in severe PE compared to controls. Significant positive correlation was observed between leptin and adiponectin and also between leptin and BMI in controls. Moreover significant positive correlation was observed between adiponectin and BMI in PE patients and controls. Conclusion. The present study showed that serum leptin level may play a significant role as a biomarker to differentiate early and late onset PE and also its relation to BMI and severity of disease.

Highlights

Preeclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy which is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria
The gestational age was lower in PE patients than controls (P = 0.02), there was no statistical difference in gestational age between early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) with late onset preeclampsia (LOPE) and severe with mild PE
Another study indicated that hypoxia upregulates placental leptin gene expression through a transcriptional mechanism involving distinct sequences on the promoter [30]

Summary

Introduction

Preeclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy which is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. It affects 2% to 5% of pregnancies and is a major contributor to fetal, neonatal, and maternal morbidity and mortality. PE has an unknown etiology, metabolic, placental, genetic, and immune factors have been concerned in its etiopathogenesis [2]. There is convincing evidence for the association between obesity related complications and preeclampsia [3]; the mechanism by which excess adipose tissue causes developing PE in pregnant women remains unknown. It is shown that these two adipokines play a role in normal pregnancy, as well as in complications of pregnancy, including PE [4]

Methods

Results

Conclusion