Different interaction among Glomus and Rhizobium species on Phaseolus vulgaris and Zea mays plant growth, physiology and symbiotic development under moderate drought stress conditions

Abstract

Even though the positive interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rhizobial bacteria in legume plants are well documented, their interactions under drought conditions could be negative in some species. In the present study, we examined six different strains of Rhizobiun in combination with two AM fungi (Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices) on the responses of Phaseolus vulgaris plants to moderate drought conditions. Moreover, to discriminate between direct competition for carbon resources from direct inhibition processes, a non-legume plant (Zea mays) was also used. Although all inoculants (single or double) increased P. vulgaris growth, only one double combination further increased total or pod dry weights. On the other hand, three double combinations decreased pod dry weight compared to plants inoculated with a single AM fungus. In Z. mays plants, one double inoculation treatment further increased shoot dry weight, but another double inoculation treatment decreased root dry weight in plants inoculated with G. mosseae. In addition, in both plant species, a higher percentage of decrease in AM root colonization by some rhizobial strains was observed. This was most likely caused by a direct inhibition of AM fungal growth by the rhizobial strains and also depended on the host plant involved. Further research is needed to elucidate on the mechanisms behind this inhibition.