Abstract
BackgroundFractures in older men are not uncommon and need to be healed as soon as possible to avoid related complications. Anti-osteoporotic drugs targeting Wnt/β-catenin and PTH (parathyroid hormone) to promote fracture healing have become an important direction in recent years. The study is to observe whether there is a difference in adult and aged situations by activating two signal paths.MethodsA single cortical hole with a diameter of 0.6 mm was made in the femoral metaphysis of Catnblox(ex3) mice and wild-type mice. The fracture healing effects of CA (Wnt/β-catenin activation) and PTH (activated by PTH (1–34) injections) were assessed by X-ray and CT imaging on days 7, 14, and 21 after fracture. The mRNA levels of β-catenin, PTH1R(Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor), and RUNX2(Runt-related transcription factor 2) in the fracture defect area were detected using RT-PCR. Angiogenesis and osteoblasts were observed by immunohistochemistry and osteoclasts were observed by TRAP (Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase).ResultAdult CA mice and adult PTH mice showed slightly better fracture healing than adult wild-type (WT) mice, but there was no statistical difference. Aged CA mice showed better promotion of angiogenesis and osteoblasts and better fracture healing than aged PTH mice.ConclusionThe application of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway drugs for fracture healing in elderly patients may bring better early effects than PTH signaling pathway drugs, but the long-term effects need to be observed.
Highlights
Fractures in older men are not uncommon and need to be healed as soon as possible to avoid related complications
The speed of metaphyseal fracture healing in adult CA and PTH mice was faster than in adult WT mice, but this was not statistically different Compared with adult WT mice, we found that the metaphyseal defects in adult CA mice and adult PTH mice healed more rapidly
Micro-CT quantitative examination showed that the percentage of bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) (Fig. 1c) in the femoral fracture defect areas of adult CA mice and adult PTH mice was much higher than in the adult WT mice at 14 and 21 days after fracture, which was the same as the X-ray examination
Summary
Fractures in older men are not uncommon and need to be healed as soon as possible to avoid related complications. Anti-osteoporotic drugs targeting Wnt/β-catenin and PTH (parathyroid hormone) to promote fracture healing have become an important direction in recent years. The mRNA levels of β-catenin, PTH1R(Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor), and RUNX2(Runt-related transcription factor 2) in the fracture defect area were detected using RT-PCR. Nonunion is an important complication of fractures. The most common risk factors include diabetes, increased age, osteoporosis, excessive alcohol consumption, blood circulation, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) [2]. The mechanisms underlying fracture healing are of utmost importance for delineating the possible causes of impaired bone repair, as well as for identifying pharmaceutical agents that could be used to accelerate the healing process and increase bone union rates.
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