Abstract
Abstract. To analyze the generation of different ground fissure disasters, two typical ground fissures were selected. With geological survey and exploration data, the spatial characteristics of the Songzhuang and Gaoliying fissures were investigated. The different occurrence factors for the Songzhuang and Gaoliying fissures were analyzed based on geological structure and groundwater. The conclusions contain are as follows. The affected body of the Songzhuang fissure exhibits obvious tensile deformation, and it is not contact with buried faults. The fracture-affected body of the Gaoliying fissure shows obvious vertical dislocation and shear, and this is compounded with buried faults. The distribution characteristic of the Songzhuang fissure was controlled by the tectonics and the normal fault, while the buried fault not only control the distribution feature of the Gaoliying fissure but also controlled its deformation characteristic. A buried fault is the geological background for the formation of the Gaoliying fissure. The long-term exploitation of groundwater has caused the horizontal deformation of the soil and the rigid rotation of stratum in the subsidence edge. Both of them are the reason for the tensile deformation. Due to the activities of buried faults and differential subsidence in small areas, the affected bodies of the Gaoliying fissure showed vertical dislocation and shear deformation.
Highlights
Ground fissure is a kind of geological hazard which directly or indirectly reduces the environmental quality and endangers the development of human beings and the biosphere, with potential, slow-changing and instant-like characteristics (Holzer, 1984)
Songzhuang ground fissures and Gaoliying ground fissures both developed in the Beijing plain area, but their manifestations of shallow-section characteristics are quite different
There is obvious stretching deformation in the disaster bodies of Songzhuang ground fissures; the fissures extend vertically near the surface in the shallow, with a small extension depth, and the fissures are not reconnected with concealed faults
Summary
Ground fissure is a kind of geological hazard which directly or indirectly reduces the environmental quality and endangers the development of human beings and the biosphere, with potential, slow-changing and instant-like characteristics (Holzer, 1984). In the long-term investigation and monitoring of ground fissures, the author found that there are different manifestations of disaster bodies in Beijing plain area; one type is mainly horizontal tension, and the other type is mainly vertical dislocation. It was found by field investigation that the two types of manifestations were unrelated to the type of disaster, having obvious regional characteristics. What factors influence this phenomenon, and what are the different genetic patterns? Do different genetic patterns have an influence on the future control work?. The characteristics and influence factors for the disaster bodies of two ground fissures with typical disaster phenomena (Gaoliying ground fissure and Songzhuang ground fissure) are analyzed from the perspectives of regional stress fields, concealed faults and differential subsidence in detail
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