Different combinations of GABA, BMP7, and Activin A induced the in vitro differentiation of rat pancreatic ductal stem cells into insulin-secreting islet-like cell clusters

Abstract

AimsWe investigated the in vitro differentiation of adult rat PDESCs into β-like cells through supplementation of different combinations of GABA, BMP7, and Activin A in basic culture media. Materials and methodsThe PDESCs were cultured using different inducement combinations for 28 days and microscopy, dithizone (DTZ) staining, immunohistochemical staining, real-time PCR, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assay were used to delineate the differentiation inducement potential of these combinations. Key findingsThe results show that after 28 days, the PDESCs were differentiated into ICCs containing insulin-secreting β-like cells in different groups treated with A + B, A + G, B + G, and A + B + G but not in the control group. Upon DTZ staining the cells in ICCs were stained crimson red, demonstrating the presence of β-like cells in ICCs and the immunohistochemistry showed the expression of Pdx1 and insulin in ICCs. Further, on 28 d the expression of Pdx1 and insulin mRNA was high in inducement groups as compared to the control group and β-like cells in ICCs also secreted insulin and C-peptide upon glucose stimulation. Thus, the supplementation of GABA, BMP7, and Activin A in different combinations in basic culture media can induce the in vitro differentiation of PDESCs into ICCs containing β-like cells. SignificanceThe in vitro development of β-like cells is a herald for cell therapy of diabetic patients and our results are a step closer towards finding the cure for diabetes.