Different characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different layers of full term placenta.

Yoo Shin Choi,Yong-Beom Park,Jin-Chul Heo,Suk-Joo Choi,Jin A Kim,Soo-Young Oh,Chul-Won Ha,Woo-Jung Han,Edward E Schmidt

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172642

Yoo Shin Choi, Yong-Beom Park + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172642

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Abstract

BackgroundThe placenta is a very attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regenerative medicine due to readily availability, non-invasive acquisition, and avoidance of ethical issues. Isolating MSCs from parts of placenta tissue has obtained growing interest because they are assumed to exhibit different proliferation and differentiation potentials due to complex structures and functions of the placenta. The objective of this study was to isolate MSCs from different parts of the placenta and compare their characteristics.MethodsPlacenta was divided into amniotic epithelium (AE), amniotic membrane (AM), chorionic membrane (CM), chorionic villi (CV), chorionic trophoblast without villi (CT-V), decidua (DC), and whole placenta (Pla). Cells isolated from each layer were subjected to analyses for their morphology, proliferation ability, surface markers, and multi-lineage differentiation potential. MSCs were isolated from all placental layers and their characteristics were compared.FindingsSurface antigen phenotype, morphology, and differentiation characteristics of cells from all layers indicated that they exhibited properties of MSCs. MSCs from different placental layers had different proliferation rates and differentiation potentials. MSCs from CM, CT-V, CV, and DC had better population doubling time and multi-lineage differentiation potentials compared to those from other layers.ConclusionsOur results indicate that MSCs with different characteristics can be isolated from all layers of term placenta. These finding suggest that it is necessary to appropriately select MSCs from different placental layers for successful and consistent outcomes in clinical applications.

Highlights

Placenta is a very attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as it is readily available and noninvasive without causing ethical issues [1,2]
Our results indicate that MSCs with different characteristics can be isolated from all layers of term placenta
We investigated the feasibility of isolating MSCs from different placental parts by dividing the placenta into amniotic epithelium (AE), amniotic membrane (AM), chorionic membrane (CM), chorion villi (CV), chorionic trophoblast without villi (CT-V), and DC

Summary

Introduction

Placenta is a very attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as it is readily available and noninvasive without causing ethical issues [1,2]. There has been a growing interest in isolating MSCs from parts of the placenta because it is assumed that they exhibit different in vitro proliferation and differentiation potential. Such differences appear to be caused by the complex structure and functions of the placenta. The placenta is a very attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regenerative medicine due to readily availability, non-invasive acquisition, and avoidance of ethical issues. Isolating MSCs from parts of placenta tissue has obtained growing interest because they are assumed to exhibit different proliferation and differentiation potentials due to complex structures and functions of the placenta. The objective of this study was to isolate MSCs from different parts of the placenta and compare their characteristics

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