Different Antifungal Activity of Anabaena sp., Ecklonia sp., and Jania sp. against Botrytis cinerea.

Hillary Righini,Antera Martel Quintana,Roberta Roberti,Elena Baraldi,Yolanda García Fernández

doi:10.3390/md17050299

Hillary Righini, Antera Martel Quintana + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/md17050299

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Abstract

Water extracts and polysaccharides from Anabaena sp., Ecklonia sp., and Jania sp. were tested for their activity against the fungal plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Water extracts at 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/mL inhibited B. cinerea growth in vitro. Antifungal activity of polysaccharides obtained by N-cetylpyridinium bromide precipitation in water extracts was evaluated in vitro and in vitro at 0.5, 2.0, and 3.5 mg/mL. These concentrations were tested against fungal colony growth, spore germination, colony forming units (CFUs), CFU growth, and on strawberry fruits against B. cinerea infection with pre- and post-harvest application. In in vitro experiments, polysaccharides from Anabaena sp. and from Ecklonia sp. inhibited B. cinerea colony growth, CFUs, and CFU growth, while those extracted from Jania sp. reduced only the pathogen spore germination. In in vitro experiments, all concentrations of polysaccharides from Anabaena sp., Ecklonia sp., and Jania sp. reduced both the strawberry fruits infected area and the pathogen sporulation in the pre-harvest treatment, suggesting that they might be good candidates as preventive products in crop protection.

Highlights

Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of grey mold and it is among the most important postharvest fungal pathogens worldwide
Anabaena sp. (AN), Ecklonia sp. (ECK), and Jania sp. (JAN) required to reduce by 50% spore germination, Anabaena sp. (AN), Ecklonia sp. (ECK), and Jania sp. (JAN) required to reduce by 50% spore colony forming units (CFUs), and CFU colony growth of Botrytis cinerea
Ecklonia sp. and from the red one Jania sp. as well as those extracted from the cyanobacterium

Summary

Introduction

Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of grey mold and it is among the most important postharvest fungal pathogens worldwide This fungus can infect a large host range of fruits such as pea, kiwi, grape berry, golden berry, tomato, and strawberry [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Recent studies demonstrated that extracts from the two brown algae Laminaria digitata and Undaria pinnatifida and from the red one Porphyra umbilicalis inhibited both B. cinerea mycelial growth and spore germination [14]. Another extract from the brown alga Lessonia trabeculata displayed a protective effect against B. cinerea on tomato leaves [11]. In horticultural plants algal and cyanobacterial extracts were capable of increasing the transcription and the activity of defense-related enzymes involved in the control of fungal pathogens [9,15,16,17]

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