Abstract
Since the 1980s a series of farmland policies have been implemented in China to stabilize the balance of farmland quantity and quality against accelerating urbanization and industrialization processes. This paper aims to reveal differences of soil fertility in the farmland occupation area (FOA) and farmland supplement area (FSA). In 1985–2000 the decline of the FOA area was 181,000 ha, but the FSA rarely increased. In 2000–2010 the decline of the FOA area was 824,800 ha, but the FSA increased dramatically. The accelerating loss process is closely related to urbanization and industrialization of the locations. Most occupied farmland was still located in the areas with higher soil fertility. The FOA in 1985–2000 had higher soil fertility than the FSA, but the FSA in 2000–2010 significantly raised its soil fertility to close to the FOAs’ level. The rate of excellent-good levels of the FOA in 2000–2010 decreased from 46.13% to 37.61%; The development model shifts and farmland policies implementation are the chief driving factors behind AFOS changes. The TDBF policy and the main function zoning project should continue to play an effective role in balancing the farmland system.
Highlights
The World’s urban-dwelling population has increased rapidly since the end of the 19th century and overall percentage has risen from 13% in 1900 to 49% in 2005, a figure expected to reach 60%by 2030
The results have indicated that the Overall accuracy (OA), kappa coefficient (Kappa) of the classifications were 86.22%, 0.844, and 88.77%, 0.93, and 89.11%, 0.89 for images in 1985, 2000 and 2010, respectively
The accelerating process of farmland loss is closely related to the placement of urbanization and industrialization zones, which cover almost all the urban and industrial agglomeration belts along the Yangtze River, Shanghai-Nanjing traffic corridor and Shanghai-Hangzhou traffic corridor and intensely occupied a large amount of farmland
Summary
The World’s urban-dwelling population has increased rapidly since the end of the 19th century and overall percentage has risen from 13% in 1900 to 49% in 2005, a figure expected to reach 60%by 2030. The statistical data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations showed that the World’s cultivated land area was 1.401 billion hectares in 1990, and it dropped to 1.381 billion hectares in. 2008; with the continued population growth, the World’s cultivated land per capita was 0.265 ha in. Population growth and economic development have been two of the key driving forces for the cultivated land changes. Due to different land use potentials and different degrees of political stability, the factors influencing cultivated land changes are different among the referenced counties [2,3,4]. Because different countries have different reserve land resources, the cultivated land growth rate among these countries is significantly different [5]
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