DIFFERENCES IN THE STRUCTURE OF COGNITIVE ABILITIES BETWEEN FEMALE AND MALE STUDENTS OF THE HIGH SCHOOL IN ARILJE

Abstract

Cognitive (intellectual) processes are, on the basis of Plato's psychological trinoma (cognition - affection - connection), the most intensively studied processes in psychology. Intelligence, as the center of these processes, despite serious efforts, remained insufficiently known. The proof of this statement is the existence of numerous conceptions about the types of cognitive functioning.Cognitive abilities were measured in the first lessons,the presence of psychologists, subject teachers and authors of this research. All of the administered tests are essentially speed tests, so respondents do not have time to contact and communicate with other respondents. A battery of KOG-3 tests was used to assess cognitive ability (Wolf, Momirović, and Džamonja 1992).The KOG-3 battery is the minimum battery for evaluating the performance of a perceptual, serial, and parallel processor. The version of that battery was used to achieve the basic goal, ie. to determine the level of general cognitive ability. The battery consists of three tests:Image Comparison Test (IT1), the basic version was designed by Thurstone. The test is designed as a test of the general perceptual factor, which is in fact a synthesis of primary factors of perceptual identification, perceptual analysis and perceptual structuring. The completiontime is limited to 4 minutes.Synonym test (AL4), the basic version was designed by Wels. The test is constructed as a test of verbal comprehension. The completiontime is limited to 2 minutes andVisual Specialization Test(S1), the basic version was designed by Reuchlin and Valin. The test is designed as a classical multiple choice special test. The completiontime is limited to 8 minutes.The aim of this research is to identify and determine the specificity of the cognitive abilities of latent dimensions, as well as their differences, between female and male students in relation to gender.On the basis of the formulated problem, the subject matter and the established general and partial goals, the basic alternative hypothesis was put forward:H2. The structure of female and male students' cognitive abilities will provide unambiguous evidence thatis of hierarchical type, with thegeneral cognitive factor at the top, below which are the three primary cognitive factors, defined as:efficiency of perceptual processor (perceptual reasoning), IT-1; parallel processor efficiency (ability to spot, relate, and correlate), SI-1, and serial processor efficiency (symbolic reasoning). AL-4.H5 - No statistically significant differences in the analyzed cognitive abilities are expected between students of different gender and age.