Differences in the frequency of ST segment depression during upright and supine exercise: Assessment in normals and in patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Increased utilization of ambulatory ST segment monitoring mandates an appreciation of nonischemic variables that may influence the ST segment. While a greater frequency of ST segment depression has been reported with supine vs upright exercise, the relative false positive rate in both positions is not known. Thus, we compared the frequency of exercise ECG abnormalities during upright and supine bicycle exercise in two groups—17 normals and 46 patients with coronary artery disease. Exercise was performed in combination with radionuclide ventriculographic imaging. Peak exercise heart rate, peak systolic blood pressure, and exercise duration time were all slightly higher in the upright vs supine position ( p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the frequency of positive ST segment responses was more common in the supine position, both in the patients with coronary artery disease (54% vs 30%, p < 0.05) and in the normal subjects (29% vs 6%, p = NS). The corresponding radionuclide ventriculographic responses, however, were normal during upright and supine exercise in 6 of the 11 CAD patients and in all five of the normal subjects with an abnormal ST segment response during supine exercise only. The frequency of exercise-induced chest pain was also similar in the two positions. Thus, we theorize that nonischemic factors may govern some positive ST segment responses in the supine position. This finding is of relevance for understanding the potential sources of physiologic false positive ST segment responses for ambulatory ST segment monitoring.