Abstract
Temporal and auditory classical conditioning of an autonomic response (pupillary reflex) and a somatic response (eyeblink) were attempted in 4 separate experiments with clinically normal human infants. Time as a conditional stimulus (CS) was effective for conditioning pupillary dilation and constriction, but sound as CS was ineffective. Conversely, sound was effective for conditioning eyeblinking, but time was not. These discrepancies in conditionability were related to (1) the parameters comprising the classical conditioning paradigms employed, and (2) the implications of infant learning for developmental neurophysiology.
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