Abstract
The present study aimed (1) to identify distinct latent classes of motivation to get vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and previous seasonal influenza vaccination among people in Taiwan and (2) to examine the roles of sources of information, risk perception, and cognitive appraisals of vaccination against COVID-19 in these classes. We recruited 1047 participants through a Facebook advertisement. The participants’ motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19, previous seasonal influenza vaccination, sources of information about COVID-19 vaccination, risk perception of COVID-19, and cognitive appraisals of vaccination against COVID-19 were determined. We examined the participants’ motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and previous seasonal influenza vaccination through latent profile analysis. Four latent classes of motivation were identified: participants with high motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and high seasonal influenza vaccination, those with high motivation for COVID-19 vaccination but low seasonal influenza vaccination, those with low motivation for COVID-19 vaccination but high seasonal influenza vaccination, and those with low motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and low seasonal influenza vaccination. Compared with participants in the latent class of high motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and high seasonal influenza vaccination, those in the other three latent classes had lower levels of positive appraisals of COVID-19 vaccination; participants in the latent class of low motivation for COVID-19 vaccination and low seasonal influenza vaccination had lower risk perception of COVID-19 and were also less likely to obtain information about COVID-19 vaccination from the internet, friends, and family members. The various motivations and behaviors for vaccination, sources of information, risk perception, and cognitive appraisals of vaccination against COVID-19 should be considered in intervention programs aiming to increase people’s motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19.
Highlights
IntroductionMotivation to Get Vaccinated against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
We selected the four-class model because it could more effectively discern the difference in motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and previous seasonal influenza vaccination between the classes and given its adequate performance indicated by the model fit indexes
The present study identified four latent classes of the motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and previous seasonal influenza vaccination: Both High, High COVID19 but Low Influenza, Low COVID-19 but High Influenza, and Both Low
Summary
Motivation to Get Vaccinated against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a disastrous effect worldwide [1]. By using the Health Belief Model (HBM) [12], previous studies have demonstrated that the risk perception of COVID-19 and perceived benefits and barriers of vaccination for COVID-19 were significantly associated with the motivation to receive COVID-19 vaccination [8,13,14,15,16]. By using the Theory of Planned Behavior [17], previous studies have found the associations of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control with the motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19 [13,18]. By using the Protection Motivation Theory [19], perceived knowledge was significantly associated with intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 [20]. The predictors of the motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19 should be identified to develop effective strategies for enhancing the public’s motivation to get vaccinated against COVID-19
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