Differences in Social Support in Perinatal Depression [19L

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Depression during pregnancy is a known risk factor for low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB). Identifying social risk factors for depression in pregnancy can impact directed perinatal services aimed at reducing PTB and LBW. This study describes associations between partner status and depression in pregnant women in high prevalence areas for PTB and LBW in Los Angeles. METHODS: From December 2013 through August 2016, community health workers conducted a novel prenatal risk assessment with evidence-based screening tools for psychosocial risk factors in women enrolling into a Los Angeles County prenatal care program. Depression was measured using Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale. Chi-square tests were performed. RESULTS: Analyses included data from 3,214 women. This cohort exhibited high rates of depression (23%). Women scoring high for depression were significantly less likely to report being married (chi-square=53, p less than 0001) or living with the father of their babies (chi-square= 71, p less than 0001). Unmarried women (35%) scored higher for depression than married women (21%). Women who did not live with the father of their babies (40%) scored higher for depression than those who did (26%). CONCLUSION: Married and cohabitating pregnant women were significantly less likely to score high for depression. These findings suggest that social supports are critical pregnant women's mental health, which we know impacts PTB and LBW. Women with limited partner support could benefit from increased mood surveillance and psychological interventions during prenatal care.