Abstract

Objective: To determine if there are differences in protein profiles in saliva depending if children of caries-free versus caries affected. Material and Methods: A cohort of 91 children with ages between 6 and 19 years, along clinical status of caries experience. Protein profiles in saliva were determined using electrophoresis and the calculation of the percentage of a specific band at a specific molecular weight in relationship to the total protein in that sample (% of total) using molecular weight standards. This quantification was repeated for each protein band across a range of molecular weights for each sample . Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Student t-tests were used to compare the distributions between caries-free and caries affected children ( α =0.05). Results: Histatin was more likely to be non-detectable or reduced in caries-free children (OR=7.56; 95% CI 1.62-35.13) and these children had on average one less gel band detected by the assay we used . Conclusion: We have found differences in proteins between caries affected and caries-free children, suggesting that this line of investigation holds the promise of providing new tools for caries management.

Highlights

  • Blood has been the substance of choice for diagnostics

  • Histatin was more likely to be non-detectable or reduced in caries-free children (OR=7.56; 95% CI 1.62-35.13) and these children had on average one less gel band detected by the assay we used

  • We have found differences in proteins between caries affected and caries-free children, suggesting that this line of investigation holds the promise of providing new tools for caries management

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Summary

Introduction

Obtaining saliva has the advantage of being non-invasive in nature and saliva has been explored as a potential source for discriminating, detecting, and monitoring biomarkers. Published evidence suggests the identification of peptides in saliva may become a tool for determining disease risk and activity. Except for Sjögren’s syndrome, most studies of the same disease are conflicting in regard to the suggested saliva biomarkers [1]. Levels of statherin (a protein that prevents precipitation of calcium phosphate) and a truncated cystatin S (a proteinase inhibitor) missing the first eight N-terminal amino acids showed inversed correlation with dental caries experience [2]. Dental caries biofilm composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose showed promising results related to changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis [3]

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