Differences in Participation in University Worksite Health Promotion Programs and Physical Activity Between Faculty, Staff and Administration

Abstract

Despite the numerous documented benefits of worksite health promotion programs (HPPs), participation rates are traditionally low. These low participation rates are due in part to perceived barriers. Barriers to use of HPPs and exercise have been a well-studied topic within the last two decades. However, fewer studies have focused on barriers to participation in HPPs among university employees. The differences in roles and responsibilities on a university campus warrant a more thorough examination of barriers among job classifications. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in participation in university health promotion programs (HPPs) among faculty, staff and administration. Further, barriers to participation were examined as well as an analysis of those meeting weekly physical activity (PA) recommendations. METHODS: An electronic survey was sent to all employees at a metropolitan university (n=3603) which inquired about participation in the University HPP, physical activity and perceived barriers to participation. A Chi-square Test of Independence was performed for HPP participation and physical activity amounts between groups, and qualitative themes were identified for perceived barriers. RESULTS: Results (n=308) indicated a difference in participation rates (χ2: p<0.001) among faculty, staff and administration, as well as those meeting PA recommendations between job classifications (χ2: p<0.001). Unique barriers were identified for each job classification. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that HPP administrators should recognize the differences in barriers to participation among university employees in order to maximize HPP participation.