Differences in Neurobiology of Different Syndrome of Melancholia in the Viewpoint of TCM

Abstract

To some extent, melancholia in different Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Syndromes represents different subtypes of depression. Whether bipolar depression or general depression, whether accompanied with or without psychotic symptoms, or with or without cognitive impairment, there are clinical and possible biological differences in these depressions, which indicates that different subtypes of depression represented by different TCM syndromes not only are different clinical syndromes, but also imply that there may be some biomarkers. The melancholia with liver depression and stagnation is different from melancholia with deficiency of both heart and spleen in clinical symptoms, which may indicate that there are differences in some potential biological biomarkers. For example, central nervous transmitters, trace elements, electrophysiology, neuroendocrinology, brain imaging, and even genomics may differ among different TCM syndrome types of depression, which not only serves for the modernization of TCM, but also finds biological differences for different TCM syndrome types of depression.