Differences in Grain Microstructure and Proteomics of a Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Landrace Cixidabaican in China Compared with Lingxiyicun Introduced from Japan.

Pengfei Hao,Feibo Wu,Yaming Zhu,Zhuqun Jin,Qidong Feng

doi:10.3390/plants10071385

Abstract

In response to the germplasm resources’ conservation in China, the characters of a superior landrace of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) Cixidabaican (CX) were identified, compared with Lixiyicun (LX) introduced from Japan. The plant morphology and root structure of CX were larger, pods/seeds number and yield per plant were higher, but the size of pods/seeds and single-seed weight were lower than the similar characteristics in LX. The protein content of dry seeds of CX was 4.1% lower than LX, while the amino acids contents showed no difference between the two cultivars. The seed scan electron micrograph showed that the structure of starch granules was similar, while the granules number was lower in CX than LX. iTRAQ-based proteomics showed that 80 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were higher, and 45 DAPs were less abundant in the seeds of CX compared to LX, and DAPs were enriched in proteins of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. These results verified the importance of the further study of landraces by showing superior traits of CX, which could contribute to the breeding of better-quality varieties.

Highlights

Broad bean (Vicia faba L.), as one of the most important legume crops, is commonly used as vegetables, non-staple food, and stock feed [1,2]
We have shown that LX had larger seed size, higher single-seed weight, and more seeds per pod, but LX
Increasing urbanization and environmental change has led to decreases in cultivation and the disappearance of several conventional local genetic resources, making it imperative that germplasm resources are conserved as a source for plant breeding [45]

Summary

Introduction

Broad bean (Vicia faba L.), as one of the most important legume crops, is commonly used as vegetables, non-staple food, and stock feed [1,2]. Several studies showed that broad bean can improve the fertility of soil through coexistence with specific Rhizobium bacteria, and the legume crop residues can be reused for improving soil conditions by incorporating them as green manure [3,4]. It is a modern nutritious health food and animal feed, as the seeds are a rich source of proteins, mineral components [5,6], carbohydrates [7], and dietary fiber [8]. Despite the many advantages of broad bean, the global acreage of broad bean has decreased from 3.7 to 2.1 million ha since the 1980s, because of the acceleration of urbanization and the deterioration of environments [11,12]

Methods

Results

Conclusion