Abstract
Carpophores of Ganoderma lingzhi (GZ) from industrial crops in China were analysed and compared with carpophores of three Iberian strains of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum (GL) (Aveiro, Madrid, Palencia) previously genetically characterized. The genetic determination of all the fungi in the study coincided with the identification provided by the companies and entities that supplied the samples. Cultivation time ranged between 107 and 141 days. The analysis of total phenol content showed to be 56.8% higher for GL from Palencia than for GZ. Intraspecific variation was a maximum of 56% from GL. The content of antioxidants, both intraspecific and interspecific, was found to be strain-dependent with a maximum variation of 78.5%. The nutritional analysis shows that there are differences in dietary fiber, protein, ash and sodium content between GL and GZ. In fatty acids analysis, only trans fatty acids showed significant differences, being higher in GL. Protein profile and digestibility of GZ and GL-Madrid mushroom proteins were evaluated by digestion with simulated gastric fluid and were different. The two species were perfectly differentiated according to their protein profile. These results should be considered for nutritional and industrial applications.
Highlights
Ganoderma lucidum (GL) is a saprophyte fungus whose carpophores have been used in traditional medicine for more than two thousand years [1]
The lengths of the base sequences obtained for the Ganoderma lingzhi (GZ) carpophores and the three mycelium strains of GL (GLM, GL Palencia (GLP) and GL Aveiro (GLA)) were 593, 590, 630 and 634 nucleotides, respectively
Regarding the antioxidant capacity of the three Iberian strains evaluated by the CUPRAC assay, the only significant differences were observed between GLP and GL Madrid (GLM), with GLP having 39.6% more antioxidant power than GLM
Summary
GL is a saprophyte fungus whose carpophores have been used in traditional medicine for more than two thousand years [1]. Basidiomata of GL contains bioactive compounds, such as phenols, triterpenes, polysaccharides, proteins, enzymes and fatty acids with welldescribed pharmacological activities [2]. Several manuscripts documented the antitumor activity [3], the antiviral effect [4,5], and protective properties for numerous organs such as the brain [6], cardiovascular system [7,8] and liver [9] of these fungi. The search for new sources of antioxidants has become of primary importance in contemporary science since oxidative stress can lead to various medical conditions [10]. It is known that different strains of GL from different geographic regions have different properties, one such property being antioxidant power [12]. Despite exhibiting significant morphological differences, GZ has a golden colored pore surface whereas GL’s is white
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