Differences between women who have and have not undergone breast reconstruction after mastectomy due to breast cancer

Abstract

Aim. This study compares potential differences between women with breast cancer who after mastectomy had undergone breast reconstruction with those who had not. Material and methods. All women (N=149) in the northern medical region of Sweden who had undergone mastectomy in 2003 received a self-reported questionnaire entitled “Life After Mastectomy (LAM)” that included standardized measures of sociodemographic, decision-making process, breast reconstruction (BR) yes or no, sexuality, and body image. SPSS was used for data processing. Results. In total 85% of the women returned the questionnaire and of these 25% had undergone BR. In accordance with previous studies, we found that the mean age of the women in the BR group was significantly lower (52 vs. 64 years), they had a higher education, and a higher proportion were employed, influenced by the physician's opinion regarding BR, sexually active, and rated a negative impact concerning the factors attractiveness and body disclosure. A multiple regression analysis, however, showed that the choice to undergo breast reconstruction or not was only independently associated with age, feeling of attractiveness and sexual interest. Discussion. Age explained most differences found between the two groups. When researchers try to identify what differentiates the groups of women who undergo reconstruction between those who do not undergo reconstruction after mastectomy, it is thus necessary to take into consideration that the meanings of mastectomy, body image, attractiveness and similar variables may vary due to the phase of a woman's life. In conclusion, considering the impact of age is of paramount importance in future studies for our understanding of women's experiences.